Diode - electronic element having a different conductivity depending on the direction of the electric current. He is well passes through a current in one direction and very bad - in the other.
Structurally diode is a small plate of germanium or silicon, one area (of the volume) which has a p-type conductivity, the other - the n-type conductivity. The boundary between them is called a pn junction. Electrode diode , connected to the positive pole of the power supply when the diode is open (ie has a small resistance), called the anode, which is connected to the negative terminal - the cathode.
The main types of diodes to destination
Rectifier diodes - are designed to convert AC to DC.
Switching diodes - are intended for use in pulsed modes.
Detector diodes are used for signal detection
suppressor diodes are designed to protect radio and household equipment by increasing the supply voltage.
Zener a representing a special type of diode.
The Zener diode - a semiconductor diode operating at reverse bias breakdown mode. Before the break through Zener flow minor leakage currents, and its resistance is great. Upon the occurrence of the breakdown current through the zener diode increases and the resistance value drops to a fraction of ohms to hundreds of ohms. Therefore, in breakdown mode zener voltage with a predetermined accuracy maintained over a wide range of reverse currents.
The main purpose of Zener - voltage stabilization.
Schottky diode is a kind of diodes. In it instead of the pn junction is applied as a barrier metal-semiconductor. Semiconductor material combined major carriers. At the point of contact area begins to form a charge of ionized acceptors. As a result, the transition region has a potential barrier (Schottky barrier). Changing its level leads to a change in value of the current flowing through the schottky diode.
Benefits Schottky diodes :
high speed, and therefore, a small recovery time;
low capacitance transition (barrier), which improves the operating frequency. This allows the use of Schottky diodes in pulse rectifiers at frequencies of hundreds of kilohertz.
Disadvantages Schottky diodes :
even when short reverse voltage they immediately fail and most importantly - is irreversible. While silicon diodes after the termination of over-voltage self-healing and continue to work;
reverse current diode is highly dependent on the transition temperature and a large reverse current of a thermal breakdown.
Schottky diode allows to obtain the desired value of the potential barrier by selecting the desired metal.
used Schottky diodes
in switching mode power supply;
in digital equipment;
as radiation detectors, light modulators;
in the transformer units analog equipment;
in the construction of solar panels.
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